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Osteochondrosis of the lower back

A degenerative disease in which the vertebrae body is destroyed and the intervertebral disc is deformed is called osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine.The reasons for such pathology can be varied and in order to treat properly, it is important to determine exactly what affected the progression of deformation in the lower back.If a person is concerned about the characteristic symptoms of osteochondrosis, you should contact the hospital immediately.

In stage 1 it will be possible to cure the problem of drugs and special exercises, but the conservative method does not always help 2-3 degrees, so you should resort to a surgical treatment.

Deformation of the intervertebral disc

The main reasons

Left lateral or right lumbar osteochondrosis is a disease with a degenerative nature, in which the intervertebral disc is destroyed, a fibrous ring breaks and a person has hernia that causes acute pain and impaired functioning of the musculoskeletal system.The following factors can provoke osteochondrosis in the lower back:

  • increased physical activity of the lower spine;
  • Improper location of the body when walking, sitting;
  • A sedentary, sedentary lifestyle;
  • disturbed posture;
  • Injuries, fractures or bruises that cause degenerative effects in the spine;
  • Congenital pathologies of the structure of the musculoskeletal system, in which the signs of deformation can already be seen in the child;
  • obesity;
  • Stress, malnutrition.

Stages and symptoms

The signs of lumbar osteochondrosis develop as the disease progresses, and the greater the stage, the more the symptom manifests.There are 4 degrees in total:

  • In stage 1, the fibrous ring is damaged, the pain is not pronounced and often worried after long walking.The soreness is manifested by 2 types - lumbalgia, when the symptom is constantly worried, and lumbago, in which signs appear.
  • POP 2 degrees osteochondrosis is characterized by a large destruction of the fibrous ring and the dystrophy of the disc.Such a disorder leads to a decrease in the space between the vertebrae and the pressure of the nerve fibers.The progressive 2 stage is accompanied by severe pain in the lower back, in the morning there is a stiffness that does not pass for a long time.
  • At 3 stages, the fibrous ring in the affected area is completely destroyed, which is why it forms hernia, which compresses the vessels and roots of the spinal nerves.The back hurts constantly, the symptoms do not withdraw after rest and reduce the load, you feel tingling and weight in the legs.In the third degree, muscle fiber dystrophy occurs, resulting in the patient's movements limited.
  • At 4 stages, the spine is completely deformed, one is worried about acute pain, which is why motor activity is completely limited.Due to impaired innervation and blood supply, swelling of the legs occurs, the bones develop between the vertebrae.In the latter degree, the risk of damage is high.

Lumbar spine osteochondrosis syndromes

Lumbar osteochondrosis is manifested by the following syndromes:

  • Pain.This is the main symptom that characterizes degenerative-dystrophic disorders in the spine.As the pathology progresses, the symptoms become pronounced, the attacks can last for several days, negatively affecting human health.
  • Korean.Due to the thinning of the damaged body of the disk, the height of the intervertebral space decreases, which is why the vertebrae becomes unstable, irritating and squeezing the nerve endings.One is worried about acute pain, inflammation of the nerves, impaired blood supply.The muscle frame is atrophied, which is why the functionality of the lower limbs is impaired.
  • Ischemic.Progressive osteochondrosis of the lumbar region leads to the fact that the blood vessels and arteries, the puncture of the spine, begin to compress.This disrupts the blood supply and nutrition of the internal organs and tissues, and also causes acute pain on the inside of the thighs in the perineum.If the problem is not eliminated in a timely manner, paralysis or paresis is possible.
    • Lumbago at the onset of osteochondrosis disease
  • Spine.With the progression of pain, ischemic and radicular syndromes, the patient's spine gradually deforms, which significantly affects the condition and well -being.The muscles become weak, the gait changes, the person tries to distribute the load of the spine so that when moving to experience a minimum of discomfort.Such disorders affect the work of the internal organs, while the intervertebral discs continue to deform and be further damaged.

If the treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region has been insufficient or performed on time, dangerous complications may develop.In women, when the vertebrae at L1 - S1 levels may occur during pregnancy, especially in the last periods, when the load on the spine is maximum.In men, degenerative processes in the lumbar region often cause potency problems.Unprecedented treatment threatens reactive spondylosis, as well as a high probability of developing knee osteoarthrosis, hip joint.Other consequences also manifest themselves:

  • compression and vascular ischemia;
  • convexity;
  • spondylartrosis;
  • paresis.

Diagnostics

In order for the doctor to choose effective treatments, he or she must make an accurate diagnosis.The diagnosis begins in the office of a neuropathologist who conducts an initial examination, palpates the affected area, evaluating the nature of changes in the spine.In the acute period, the patient can hardly move and perform complex manipulations.For a more detailed study of the spinal column, an instrumental diagnosis is prescribed, which includes:

  • X -ray.It is performed in 3 projections, the photos show the degree of progression of the pathology, the size of the intervertebral percentage, the salt deposits, the structure of the vertebrae.
  • CT or MRI.Give a more detailed picture of the condition of the spine and discs, show disorders in the soft tissues that cannot be considered during X -Ray examination.

How to treat the problem?

Medication

The disease is characterized by the progression of a symptom of pain that not all medicines can cope with.In the initial stages, to stop the signs, you can take painkillers.And also the problem is treated with the help of special ointments and gels.In advanced cases, such drugs will be ineffective, so the doctor will prescribe injections, thanks to which pain and first aid relief will be timely.

Diagnosis of osteochondrosis

Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs help to relieve swelling and inflammation so that nerve fibers and blood vessels stop the compress and the symptoms of pain will decrease.The group includes funds:

  • Painkillers.With the progression of the acute period, when the pain is pronounced, medicines in this group are prescribed.As they have side effects, do not buy funds at your discretion.A safe and effective medicine should be prescribed by a doctor.
  • Mussorelaxants.Relieve muscle cramps, which cause pain and discomfort.
  • Glucocorticosteroids.Eliminate inflammation, positively affect the nervous system, improve the patient's condition for a short time.

Exercise

If osteochondrosis L5 - S1 is diagnosed or the L3 - S1 levels are affected, therapeutic exercises are required.When performing the training complex, it is important to increase the load gradually so that there is no discomfort and pain.It is recommended that you do the following exercises with osteochondrosis:

  • In the constant position, make turns to the right and left, leaning back -behind.
  • Standing on fours, bend and align your back.
  • He lies on the floor, raising even his legs without tearing the lower back from the floor.
  • In a lying position with your left hand, reach the limb, which is located on the right and, back.

Massage and physiotherapy

Chronic osteochondrosis at the remission stage has been successfully treated with the help of massage procedures performed by a manual therapist.Massage will help to normalize blood circulation in the affected area, establish nutrition.Physiotherapy procedures have a similar effect:

  • electrophoresis;
  • Magnetot therapy;
  • laser therapy;
  • UHF.

If patients with left or right osteochondrosis did not help conservative methods, then you cannot do without surgical treatment.Microdisutomy is often used in which sequestered hernia is removed using microsurgical instruments.The next day after surgery, the patient may start moving.

Prevention

Because adults and children suffer from osteochondrosis, it is important even from an early age to monitor the spine, control posture, to pay attention to what bending or movement looks like.If there is a suspicion of deformation, you should see a doctor.The earlier the discomfort is diagnosed, the easier it will be to fight later.